Gravitation



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Contents

Kepler’s Laws


Description: Kepler's Laws describe planetary motion: 1st law states orbits are ellipses, 2nd law describes equal areas in equal times, 3rd law relates orbital periods and distances.


Gravitational Constant


Description: The Gravitational Constant (G) is a fundamental constant determining the strength of gravitational attraction between objects, essential in Newton's law of universal gravitation.


Variation in g


Description: Variation in g with depth refers to the change in gravitational acceleration (g) as one moves deeper underground due to varying densities of Earth's materials.


Potential & Energy


Description: Variation in g with latitude and Earth's rotation alters gravitational acceleration, affecting potential energy and gravitational potential, crucial in understanding celestial mechanics.


Velocity & Satellites


Description: Escape velocity is the speed required for an object to leave a celestial body's gravitational pull, while orbital velocity maintains satellites' orbits, with binding energy keeping them in orbit.


Weightlessness


Description: Weightlessness in a satellite occurs when it's in free fall, causing objects within it to float due to balanced gravitational and centripetal forces.


Gravitational Force


Description: A fundamental concept in physics, describing the force of attraction between objects with mass, governed by Newton's law of universal gravitation.


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